Abstract The errors induced by channel noise influence on the quality of digital transmission. The latter depends on the probability of errors in the transmitted symbols. To control these errors, a technique of digital signal processing is used, including the information code to be transmitted. As these techniques are used for controlling the transmission, they are called "channel encoding". In this paper, we introduced and studied two major correction code families' error; LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) and the turbo code. We used our simulation model to evaluate the performance of a Gaussian channel. The results show the effect of iterative LDPC and Turbo code on the transmission and quality of information. Our numerical simulation has shown that the resulting image was corrected gradually as the number of iterations increases for both channels. On the Rayleigh channel, the image correction is obtained for a higher number of iterations over the Gaussian channel.

Abstract In this manuscript, a novel hybrid dielectric resonator antenna for ultra wideband (UWB) applications is designed, and single band notched performance is proposed. The circle radiating patch is printed on the FR4 substrate of 1.64 mm thickness and loss tangent tan δ =0.02, and is fed by the coplanar waveguide. The size of the UWB antenna was minimised to 50-40 mm2. The cylindrical dielectric resonator (CDR) was used to broaden the bandwidth and achieve an impedance bandwidth of more than 113%, covering a frequency range of 3.3 to more than 12GHz. WIMAX band notched characteristics of the antenna to reject (3.2-3.8GHz) were realised by etching a U-shaped slot in the radiating patch. The centre notch frequency can be adjusted from 3.4 to 4.5 GHz by changing the position of the CDR. The band notched characteristics, VSWR, and radiation patterns were studied using the CST microwave simulator and confirmed with the frequency domain ANSOFT high frequency structure simulator (HFSS).